Multitech MultiVOIP 800 MVP800 User's Guide download pdf (Page 102)

102

MultiVOIP 400/800 User Guide

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network): An International telecommunications standard for transmitting voice, video and data over a

digital communications line. ISDN is a world-wide telecommunications service that uses digital transmission and switching technology to

support voice and digital data communications. Frame relay was partially based on ISDN's data link layer protocol (LAPD). Frame relay can

be used to transmit across ISDN services offering circuit-switched connection at 64 Kbps and higher speeds. Contrast Public Switched

Telephone Network (PSTN).

ITU-TSS (formerly CCITT): International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Sector; the United Nations organization that

prepares standards ("Recommendations") for resolving communications issues and problems.

Key Telephone System (KTS): Phone devices with multiple buttons that let you select incoming or outgoing CO phone lines directly. Similar

in operation to a PBX, except a KTS you don't have to dial a "9" for a call outside the building.

Key Service Unit (KSU): A small device containing the switching electronics for a business key telephone system (KTS).

Key Set: A phone set with several buttons for call holding, line pickup, intercom, autodialing, etc. Also called a touchtone phone (Ericsson)

and a KTS (Key Telephone Set).

LAPB: Link Access Procedure Balanced; based on the X.25 Layer 2 specification. A full-duplex point-to-point bit-synchronous protocol

commonly used as a data link control protocol to interface X.25 DTEs. LAPB is the link initialization procedure that establishes and maintains

communications between the DTE and the DCE.

LAPD: Link Access Protocol for the D-Channel; based on the ISDN Q.921 specification. A full-duplex point-to-point bit-synchronous link-

level protocol for ISDN connections; different from LAPB in its framing sequence. Transmission is in units called "frames", and a frame may

contain one or more X.25 packets.

Line Coding: The representation of 1s and 0s on a T1 line. The two methods of line coding commonly used, B8ZS and AMI, differ in the

restrictions placed on user data. T1 line coding ensures that sufficient timing information is sent with the digital signal to ensure recovery of all

the bits at the far end. Timing information on the T1 line is included in the form of 1s in the data stream; a long string of 0s in the data stream

could cause problems recovering the data.

Line Termination (LT): The electronics at the ISDN network side of the user/network interface that complements the NT1 at the user side.

The LT and the NT1 together provide the high-speed digital line signals required for BRI access.

Listed Directory Number (LDN): The main number assigned by the telco; the number listed in the phone directory and also provided by

Directory Assistance. Some devices can have more than one LDN, such as ISDN devices that have one LDN for voice and another LDN for

data.

Local Area Network (LAN): 1. A computer network located on a user's premises within a limited geographical area. Communication within a

local area network is not subject to external regulations; however, communication across the LAN boundary may be subject to some form of

regulation. 2. A LAN does not use store and forward techniques. 3. A network in which a set of devices are connected to one another for a

communication and that can be connected to a larger network.

Local Access and Transport Area (LATA): A post-divestiture geographical area generally equivalent to a Standard Metropolitan Statistical

Area. At divestiture, the territory served by the Bell system was divided into approximately 161 LATAs. The Bell Operating Companies (BOCs)

provide Intra-LATA services.

Local Exchange Carrier (LEC): The local phone company which provides local (i.e., not long distance) transmission services. AKA "telco".

LECs provide T1 or FT1 access to LDCs (unless the T1 circuit is completely intra-LATA). Inter-LATA T1 circuits are made up of a combination

of Access and Long Haul facilities.

Local Management Interface (LMI): A specification for frame relay equipment that defines status information exchange.

Local Loop: A transmission path, typically twisted-pair wire, between an individual subscriber and the nearest public telecommunications

network switching center. The wires provide ISDN service, but require an NT1 at the user end and an LT at the network end. (AKA, "loop" or

"subscriber loop".)

Logical Link Control (LLC2): In a local area network, the protocol that governs the exchange of transmission frames between data stations

independently of how the transmission medium is shared. The LLC2 protocol was developed by the IEEE 802 committee and is common to

all LAN standards.

Logical Unit (LU): A type of network accessible unit that enables end users to gain access to network resources and communicate with each

other.

Long Haul: The T1 element that connects to the Access portion of the long distance company's (LDC's) central office. The LDC is commonly

called the point of presence (POP). Each LDC has a number of POPs, located throughout the country. The LDC is also called an IEC (Inter

Exchange Carrier).

Long Haul Communications: The type of phone call reaching outside of a local exchange (LE).

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